Task 4 - Analogue To Digital Editing

Analogue Editing

Analogue editing is the editing method of cutting and sticking together pieces of celluloid. Also known as 'splicing'. Films were initially made up of images printed on acetate negatives which were then 'spliced' which lead to the formation of the movie. The celluloid film is then fed projector at a constant speed of 24 frames per second which shows the pictures moving on the screen. This is shown in the movie 'Exiting The Factory' (1895) Pro's of this style of editing is that it is almost impossible for copyright to take place because you have the film physically in front of you therefore no one will get it unless you hand it over to them, also a lot of directors prefer the traditional method due to preciseness of the editing. However the limitations of this style would be that the celluloid is very expensive per piece and in order to make an entire film using celluloid you will end up wasting a lot of money. It is also very time consuming and you can't check your work to see if it looks good unless you can get a hold of a moviola.

The first ever movie - 1985 'Exiting The Factory':

This is the first Moviola; It was invented in 1924 by a man called Iwan Serrurier. It was the first piece of technology that allowed the film editor to view the film whilst editing. Also, it was the first device used for feature length movie editing.

Video Editing

Before digital technologies became available magnetic tapes were used to store information and these were called video tapes; this was before digital technology became available to use. Video editing is the process of editing segments of the tapes that you have recorded and using a mechanical device to join them together. However, in order to use video editing the film had to be recorded in the correct order. This is called linear editing.

Digital Editing 

Digital editing is made from digital media which is a form of media where data has been stored digitally; not like analogue. Digital film is made of I's and O's (bits and bytes). This is where the images are recorded, transmitted and replayed instead of using chemicals on the film and damaging the merchandise; the director would film their footage, put it onto a computer, to onto editing software such as 'Final Cut Pro', 'Avid' and 'Premiere Pro' and then you would create your masterpiece. The whole process of digital editing includes no splicing which is why it soon took over the directing industry because it is easier, quicker and cheaper. Another advantage of digital editing is that it you can edit in any order; unlike video and analogue. However, due to advanced technology within the world at the moment, it is very easy for copyright to take place and although it is cheap because you don't have to buy the celluloid, there is mass storage that would be needed in order to hold the capacity of the entire movie. Therefore, it may not be as cheap as you anticipated.

Non-Linear Editing

Editing in any order is known as 'Non-Linear Editing' i.e you can edit the end scene before you've even filmed the first one. This process uses electronic files so it is as if you are copying and pasting your editing.

Linear Editing

Is obviously the opposite to 'non-linear editing' this is when you edit a sequence due to the order you filmed it in.

	Pros	Cons
Traditional Editing (splicing & video editing)	·      Almost impossible to copyright ·      Improves filming skills ·      No editing software needed ·      Instant response	·      Expensive ·      Time consuming ·      Cant check your progress ·      Directors prefer traditional methods
Digital Editing	·      Easy to use ·      Cheaper ·      Quick ·      No splicing	·      Easy to copyright ·      Not as cheap as you would think due to mass storage ·      Not a lot of skill needed.

Task 2/3 - In Camera Editing

Exercise One: in-camera editing

in-camera editing is a technique of video production, in which the camera operator videos the shots in the exact order that they are to be viewed in. It was a technique used a great deal in the early discovery of film making before 'splicing' became easier. We have George Meleis to thank for our knowledge of in-camera editing because he was the first person to use it in 1896 on the film 'The Vanishing Lady'. Funny enough he discovered it by accident. The film is edited by simply switching the camera on and off. 

My first attempt of in-camera editing was within a group of 4 girls; myself, Allegria, Jasmine and Diana. This is what we managed to produce:

The storyboard of this in-camera editing attempt was a girl being 15 minutes late to her detention due to her missing homework piece. Her teacher then grows angry with her but allows her to do her detention on the day.

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Evaluation of film

i think as a group we all worked well together and that helped our film. what we did well was capture each scene like it was really happening, there aren't any over laps. However, i know we could improve on the acting and the camera production. Next time we make a video we will ensure the timing is correct for the actresses and we will also ensure the camera is straight and moving at the right time as well. 

Pro's of in-camera editing

• quick to do.
• fast
• no editing software needed
• instant response 
• improves filming technique

Con's of in-camera editing

• if you make an error you have to redo the entire scene.
• takes immense amount of planning
• no cutting out 
• no editing

The advantage for in-camera editing is that its quick to do, however the disadvantage is that you have to be precise on your filming because if you make one error, you have to redo the entire film.

Behind the Scenes photographs:

During our first filming session, we took shots from 3 different angles. We made sure that we got each shot in the right timing. Once we did that we proceeded to the next shot and then carried on making our short film.